The headline for an Associated Press release (February 
25, 1963) read:

                        PRESS BLAMED FOR SUCCESS
                  KENNEDY MANAGES NEWS BOLDLY,
                 CYNICALLY, SUBTLY, KROCK CLAIMS

     Arthur Krock is quoted as saying that “the principle onus 
rests on the printed and electronic process itself.” That may 
seem like another way of saying that “history is to blame.” But 
it is the instant consequences of electrically moved information 
that makes necessary a deliberate artistic aim in the placing 
and management of news. In diplomacy the same electric speed 
causes the decisions to be announced before they are made in 
order to ascertain the varying responses that might occur 
when such decisions actually are made. Such procedure, quite